Use of castor meal (Ricinus communis L.) as a source of dietary protein in goats during the mating period: impact on reproductive and metabolic responses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n1p203Palavras-chave:
Caprine, Ricinus communis L., Pregnancy, Fetal development, Metabolites.Resumo
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the total substitution of soybean meal with castor meal, detoxified or non-detoxified, on the response to estrous synchronization, conception rate, early fetal development, presence of IgG, and metabolic-hormonal response. Sixty mixed goats were fed diets without castor meal (WCM), with detoxified castor meal (DCM), and with castor meal (CM) during early pregnancy. The goats had their estrous synchronized and were then submitted to the mating season. The number of fetuses was determined by ultrasonography after 25 days of mating and their development was followed until 60 days of gestation. Plasma levels of progesterone (P4), liver enzymes, and urea were determined along with the evaluation of the immunological response. After 15 days of experimental feeding, immunoglobulin G (IgG) was detected by western blotting only in goats that received non-detoxified castor meal. There was no effect (p > 0.05) of type of diet on response to estrous synchronization, plasma P4 levels, conception rate, or embryonic/fetal development. In pregnant goats, there was an effect of diet (p < 0.001) on plasma urea levels in multiple-birth pregnancy, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in single-birth pregnancy, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in both types of pregnancy. In non-pregnant goats, there were increased urea levels in all types of diets and in LDH in WCM goats, but GGT levels decreased in the WCM and CM goats when compared with pregnant goats (p > 0.05). In addition, plasma levels of LDH in WCM goats and of urea in all types of diet were higher in non-pregnant goats than pregnant goats. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the inclusion of 15% castor meal, whether or not it is detoxified, to the diet of goats does not affect the reproductive performance, embryonic and early fetal development, or blood metabolites.
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