Brazilian education has undergone significant changes in recent years, due to the implementation of neoliberal policies that weaken and undermine the educational structure, making it difficult to foster emancipated individuals capable of reflecting critically and problematically about the world. The objective of this research is to identify the challenges of teaching Geography within the context of the High School Education Reform and its implications for Geography education and the critical formation of students. The methodology employed involves a bibliographical survey on the topic, analysis of legislations related to national education, and finally, the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire with six open-ended questions directed at Geography teachers who teach in high schools. We conclude that the High School Education Reform leads to the devaluation of the Geography discipline and the Humanities as a whole, weakening and standardizing the content and reducing the availability of Geography classes. This directly affects the critical formation of students and reduces job opportunities in the market for the profession, likely leading to decreased interest in pursuing a teaching degree.