Contribuições da estratificação de nutrientes no solo para o crescimento das folhas e o desenvolvimento do caule do arroz: uma perspectiva de heterogeneidade vertical

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n5p1417

Palavras-chave:

Planta de arroz, Qualidade do solo, Análise de componentes principais, Análise de regressão múltipla.

Resumo

A heterogeneidade vertical dos nutrientes do solo influencia significativamente o crescimento do arroz, mas seus efeitos sobre o desenvolvimento das folhas e do caule no Delta do Liaohe ainda não estão claros. Este estudo analisou 35 campos de arroz em Panjin, China, medindo as propriedades físico-químicas do solo (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm) e indicadores morfológicos/fisiológicos do arroz (altura da planta, comprimento da folha, espessura do caule, açúcar solúvel/proteína). A análise de componentes principais (PCA) revelou três componentes dominantes que explicam 75,97% da variação, sendo o comprimento da folha, o açúcar solúvel e a proteína solúvel os principais fatores. A regressão multivariada mostrou que o nitrogênio (N) e o fósforo (P) do solo de 0-20 cm promoveram o crescimento das folhas e a eficiência fotossintética, enquanto o pH e o teor de água de 20-40 cm regularam o acúmulo de açúcar solúvel. A matéria orgânica e o N da camada profunda (40-60 cm) melhoraram o ambiente da raiz, aumentando a força mecânica do caule. O estudo estabelece um modelo de correlação “superfície-meio-profundo”, demonstrando que os nutrientes estratificados do solo afetam diferencialmente o crescimento do arroz. Essas descobertas fornecem uma estratégia de fertilização direcionada - “camada superficial para promoção de folhas, camada profunda para fortalecimento do caule” - para otimizar o gerenciamento de nutrientes e melhorar a produtividade do arroz no Delta de Liaohe.

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Biografia do Autor

Chenyue Tian, Shenyang University

Graduate Student of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Enviroment, Shenyang University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.

Yongxia Hou, Shenyang University

Prof. Dr., College of Enviroment, Shenyang University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China. Northeast Geological S&T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.

Xiaoyang Wang, Shenyang University

Graduate Student of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Enviroment, Shenyang University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.

Jianbing Wei, Shenyang University

Prof. Dr., College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.

Xueying Song, Shenyang University

Prof. Dr., College of Enviroment, Shenyang University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.

Guojun Xing, Shenyang Eleventh Middle School

Shenyang No. 11 High School, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.

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Publicado

2025-10-01

Como Citar

Tian, C., Hou, Y., Wang, X., Wei, J., Song, X., & Xing, G. (2025). Contribuições da estratificação de nutrientes no solo para o crescimento das folhas e o desenvolvimento do caule do arroz: uma perspectiva de heterogeneidade vertical. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 46(5), 1417–1438. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n5p1417

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