Comparación entre técnicas de criopreservación (vitrificación o congelación lenta) sobre el desarrollo post-descongelación de embriones bovinos producidos in vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v44n2p537Palabras clave:
criosupervivencia, PIVE, Transferencia directaResumen
Se evaluó el desarrollo post-descongelación de embriones PIV criopreservados mediante la técnica de vitrificación y congelación lenta en diferentes días posteriores a la fertilización in vitro (FIV). Se realizaron 9 replicaciones de producción de embriones in vitro. El día 7; 7,5 y 8 después de la FIV, se seleccionaron embriones en estadio de blastocisto expandido de calidad grado 1 y 2 (según el manual del IETS). Los embriones (n=472) se dividieron aleatoriamente para ser criopreservados mediante vitrificación (n=257) o congelación lenta (n=215). Los embriones se organizaron en 6 grupos según la técnica de criopreservación y el día: 1) Grupo DT7 (embriones sometidos a congelación lenta el día D7); 2) Grupo DT7.5 (embriones sometidos a congelación lenta 12 horas después de D7, en D7.5); 3) grupo DT8 (embriones sometidos a congelación lenta en D8); 4) Grupo VIT7 (embriones vitrificados en D7); 5) Grupo VIT7.5 (embriones vitrificados 12 horas después del D7, el D7.5); 6) Grupo VIT8 (embriones vitrificados en D8). Los datos se transformaron a arcoseno y se analizaron mediante Análisis de Varianza utilizando el procedimiento GLIMMIX de SAS (SAS 9.2) con P<0,05. La tasa de reexpansión y eclosión embrionaria fue mayor para los embriones vitrificados que para los embriones sometidos a congelación lenta (P<0,05). El grado de calidad embrionaria no influyó en las tasas de desarrollo total (P>0.05). Sin embargo, los embriones de grado 1 se volvieron a expandir más rápidamente (a las 24 h) que los embriones de grado 2. Los embriones de grado 1 mostraron mejores resultados con la técnica de vitrificación que con la congelación lenta. Los grupos experimentales representaron la interacción técnica*día y no difirieron en términos de reexpansión y tasas de eclosión (P>0.05).
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