Evaluation of follicular growth and progesterone production in Bos taurus cows strategically treated with insulin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5Supl1p2287Keywords:
Beef cattle, Follicular diameter, Progesterone, Reproduction.Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic insulin administration on follicular growth, progesterone production, and pregnancy rate in beef cattle. Two experiments were conducted, in experiment 1, 215 cows crossbreed cows (Bos indicus × Bos taurus) (Control Group, n = 109; Insulin Group, n = 106) were submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) with application of 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone on day 0. On day 9, the device was removed and 0.5 mg of estradiol cypionate was administered with 12.5 mg of dinoprost and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin for the treated animals. On day 11, artificial insemination (AI) was performed on all animals. On days 9 and 11 according to the protocol, was evaluated follicular growth and estrus manifestation, and 30 days after AI the pregnancy rate. In experiment 2, 85 cows were utilized, including Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, and crossbreeds (Control Group, n = 49 and Insulin Group, n = 36), and were submitted to the protocol for fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET), and progesterone concentrations were evaluated. On day 0, the cows received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone. On day 5 of the protocol, 0.150 mg of cloprostenol was administered. On day 8, the vaginal device was removed and 20 mg of purified porcine pituitary extract and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin was given to the animals in the treatment group, and on day 9, 1 mg of estradiol benzoate was administered. On day 17, an embryo transfer was performed and blood collection for evaluation of progesterone levels in animals submitted to FTET were collected. In experiment 1, the follicular growth rate and the pregnancy rate were similar between groups (P > 0.05) and in experiment 2, the production of P4 was not different between the animals that received the insulin application and the control group. The utilization of a single dose of insulin for beef cows did not affect the ovulatory follicular diameter, progesterone concentrations, or pregnancy rate.Metrics
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References
AMBROSE, J. D.; DROST, M.; MONSON, R. L.; RUTLEDGE, J. J.; LEIBFRIED-RUTLEDGE, M. L.; THATCHER, M. J.; KASSA, T.; BINELLI, M.; HANSEN, P. J.; CHENOWETH, P. J.; THATCHER, W. W. Efficacy of timed embryo transfer with fresh and frozen in vitro produced embryos to increase pregnancy rates in heat-stressed dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 82, n. 11, p. 2369-2376, 1999. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75487-1
BARUSELLI, P. S.; REIS, E. L.; MARQUES, M. O.; NASSER, L. F.; BO, G. A. The use of hormonal treatments to improve reproductive performance of anestrous beef cattle in tropical climates. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 82-83, p. 479-486, 2004. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.04.025
BHATIA, B.; PRICE, C. A.Insulin alters the effects of follicle stimulating hormone on aromatase in bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Steroids, v. 66, n. 6, p. 511-519, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0039-128X(00)00218-X
BATTOCCHIO, M.; GABAI, G.; MOLLO, A.; VERONESI, M.; SOLDANO, F.; BONO, G.; CAIROLI, F. Agreement between ultrasonographic classification of the CL and plasma progesterone concentration in dairy cows. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 51, n. 6, p. 1059-1069, 1999. DOI: 10.1016/S0093691X(99)80011-9
BORGES, Á. M.; TORRES, C. A. A.; RUAS, J. R. M.; RIBEIRO, V. R. J.; CAR0VALHO, G. R. D. Desenvolvimento luteal e concentrações plasmáticas de progesterona em vacas das raças Gir e Nelore. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, MG, v. 32, n. 2, p. 276-283, 2003. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982003000200005
BRIDGES, G. A.; AHOLA, J. K.; BRAUNER, C.; CRUPPE, L. H.; CURRIN, J. C.; DAY, M. L.; GUNN, P. J.; JAEGER, J. R.; LAKE, S. L.; LAMB, G. C.; MARQUEZINI, G. H.; PEEL, R. K.; RADUNZ, A. E.; STEVENSON, J. S.; WHITTIER, W. D. Determination of the appropriate delivery of prostaglandin F2alpha in the five-day CO-Synch + controlled intravaginal drug release protocol in suckled beef cows. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 90, n. 13, p. 4814-4822, 2012. DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4880
BUTLER, S. T.; PELTON, S. H.; BUTLER, W. R. Insulin increases 17 beta-estradiol production by the dominant follicle of the first postpartum follicle wave in dairy cows. Reproduction, Cambridge, v. 127, n. 5, p. 537-545, 2004. DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00079
COLAZO, M. G.; AMBROSE, D. J. Effect of initial GnRH and duration of progesterone insert treatment on the fertility of lactating dairy cows. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Berlin, v. 50, n. 3, p. 497-504, 2015. DOI: 10.1111/rda.12518
DICOSTANZO, A.; WILLIAMS, J. E.; KEISLER, D. H. Effects of short- or long-term infusions of acetate or propionate on luteinizing hormone, insulin, and metabolite concentrations in beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 77, n. 11, p. 3050-3056, 1999. DOI: 10.2527/1999.77113050x
DONATO, J. The central nervous system as a promising target to treat diabetes mellitus. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, Doylestown, v. 12, n. 19, p. 2070-2081, 2012. DOI: 10.2174/1568026611212190005
GINTHER, O. J. Variations in follicle-diameter deviation and a growth spurt in the dominant follicle at deviation in Bos taurus heifers. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 188, p. 155-164, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.11.020
GONG, J. G.; LEE, W. J.; GARNSWORTHY, P. C.; WEBB, R. Effect of dietary-induced increases in circulating insulin concentrations during the early postpartum period on reproductive function in dairy cows. Reproduction, Bristol, v. 123, n. 3, p. 419-427, 2002. DOI: 10.1530/rep.0.1230419
GRIMARD, B.; HUMBLOT, P.; PONTER, A. A.; MIALOT, J. P.; SAUVANT, D.; THIBIER, M. Influence of postpartum energy restriction on energy status, plasma LH and oestradiol secretion and follicular development in suckled beef cows. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Cambridge, v. 104, n. 1, p. 173-179, 1995. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.1040173
HESS, B. W.; LAKE, S. L.; SCHOLLJEGERDES, E. J.; WESTON, T. R.; NAYIGIHUGU, V.; MOLLE, J. D. C.; MOSS, G. Nutritional controls of beef cow reproduction. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 83, n. 13, p. 90-106, 2005. DOI: 10.2527/2005.8313_supplE90x
HINTZE, J. PASS 2005. NCSS, LLC. Kaysville, Utah, 2005. USA. www.ncss.com.
ITOH, T.; KACCHI, M.; ABE, H.; YUTAKA, S.; HIROYOSHI, H. Growth, antrum formation, and estradiol production of bovine preantral follicles cultured in a serum-free medium. Biology of Reproduction, Oxford, v. 67, n. 4, p. 1099-1105, 2002. DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod67.4.1099
LAMB, G. C.; STEVENSON, J. S.; KESLER, D. J.; GARVERICK, H. A.; BROWN, D. R.; SALFEN, B. E. Inclusion of an intravaginal progesterone insert plus GnRH and prostaglandin F2alpha for ovulation control in postpartum suckled beef cows. Journal Animal Science, Oxford, v. 79, n. 9, p. 2253-2259, 2001. DOI: 10.2527/2001.7992253x
LEAL, L. D. S.; OBA, E.; FERNANDES, C. A. D. C.; SÁ FILHO, O. G. Avaliação do corpo lúteo, contratilidade uterina e concentrações plasmáticas de progesterona e estradiol em receptoras de embriões bovinos. Ciência Animal Brasileira, Goiâna, v. 10, n. 1, p. 174-183, 2009. DOI: 10.5216/cab.v10i1.448
LEON, H. V.; HERNANDEZ-CERON, J.; KEISLERT, D. H.; GUTIERREZ, C. G. Plasma concentrations of leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I, and insulin in relation to changes in body condition score in heifers. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 82, n. 2, p. 445-451, 2004. DOI: 10.2527/2004.822445x
LUCY, M. C. Mechanisms linking nutrition and reproduction in postpartum cows. Reproduction Supplement, Cambridge, v. 61, p. 415-427, 2003. DOI: 10.1530/biosciprocs.5.031
LUSSIER, J. G.; MATTON, P.; DUFOUR, J. J. Growth rates of follicles in the ovary of the cow. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Cambridge, v. 81, n. 2, p. 301-307, 1987. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.0810301
MORAES, J. C. F.; JAUME, C. M.; SOUZA, C. J. H. D. Body condition score to predict the postpartum fertility of crossbred beef cows. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, v. 42, n. 5, p. 741-746, 2007. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2007000500018
PERRY, G. A.; SMITH, M. F.; LUCY, M. C.; GREEN, J. A.; PARKS, T. E.; MACNEIL, M. D.; ROBERTS, A. J.; GEARY, T. W. Relationship between follicle size at insemination and pregnancy success. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, v. 102, n. 14, p. 5268-5273, 2005. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0501700102
PESSOA, G. A.; MARTINI, A. P.; CARLOTO, G. W.; RODRIGUES, M. C. C.; CLARO JUNIOR, I.; BARUSELLI, P. S.; BRAUNER, C. C.; RUBIN, M. I. B.; CORREA, M. N.; LEIVAS, F. G.; SA FILHO, M. F. Different doses of equine chorionic gonadotropin on ovarian follicular growth and pregnancy rate of suckled Bos taurus beef cows subjected to timed artificial insemination protocol. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 85, n. 5, p. 792-799, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.057
PFEIFER, L. F.; MAPLETOFT, R. J.; KASTELIC, J. P.; SMALL, J. A.; ADAMS, G. P.; DIONELLO, N. J.; SINGH, J. Effects of low versus physiologic plasma progesterone concentrations on ovarian follicular development and fertility in beef cattle. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 72, n. 9, p. 1237-1250, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.07.019
PORETSKY, L.; CATALDO, N. A.; ROSENWAKS, Z.; GIUDICE, L. C. The insulin-related ovarian regulatory system in health and disease. Endocrine Reviews, Washington, v. 20, n. 4, p. 532-582, 1999. DOI: 10.1210/edrv.20.4.0374
RHODES, F. M.; FITZPATRICK, L. A.; ENTWISTLE, K. W.; DE'ATH, G. Sequential changes in ovarian follicular dynamics in Bos indicus heifers before and after nutritional anoestrus. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Cambridge, v. 104, n. 1, p. 41-49, 1995. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.1040041
ROSTAMI, B.; NIASARI-NASLAJI, A.; VOJGANI, M.; NIKJOU, D.; AMANLOU, H.; GERAMI, A. Effect of eCG on early resumption of ovarian activity in postpartum dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 128, n. 1-4, p. 100-106, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.09.006
SCHNEIDER, A.; PFEIFER, L. F. M.; SCHMITT, E.; BIANCHI, I.; VIEIRA, M. B.; XAVIER, E. G.; DEL PINO, F. A. B.; CORRÊA, M. N.The use of insulin to improve fertility of timed-inseminated postpartum suckled beef cows. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasilia, v. 45, n. 10, p. 1219-1221, 2010. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2010001000023
SHORT, R. E.; BELLOWS, R. A.; STAIGMILLER, R. B.; BERARDINELLI, J. G.; CUSTER, E. E. Physiological mechanisms controlling anestrus and infertility in postpartum beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 68, n. 3, p. 799-816, 1990. DOI: 10.2527/1990.683799x
SIMPSON, R. B.; CHASE JUNIOR, C. C.; SPICER, L. J.; VERNON, R. K.; HAMMOND, A. C.; RAE, D. O. Effect of exogenous insulin on plasma and follicular insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein activity, follicular oestradiol and progesterone, and follicular growth in superovulated Angus and Brahman cows. Journal Reproduction Fertility, Cambridge, v. 102, n. 2, p. 483-492, 1994. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.1020483
SPICER, L. J.; ALPIZAR, E.; ECHTERNKAMP, S. E. Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropinson bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production,estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growthfactor I production in vitro. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 71, n. 5, p. 1232-1241, 1993. DOI: 10.2527/1993.7151232x
SUGUNA, K.; MEHROTRA, S.; AGARWAL, S. K.; HOQUEB, M.; SHANKER, U.; SINGH, S. K.; VARSHNEY, V. P. Effect of exogenous insulin administration on ovarian function, embryo/fetal development during pregnancy in goat. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 111, n. 2-4, p. 202-213, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.03.021
VASCONCELOS, J. L.; SARTORI, R.; OLIVEIRA, H. N.; GUENTHER, J. G.; WILTBANK, M. C. Reduction in size of the ovulatory follicle reduces subsequent luteal size and pregnancy rate. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 56, n. 2, p. 307-314, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00565-9
WEBB, R.; GARNSWORTHY, P. C.; GONG, J. G.; ARMSTRONG, D. G. Control of follicular growth: local interactions and nutritional influences. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 82, p. E63-74, 2004. Special Supplement. DOI: 10.2527/2004.8213_supplE63x
WETTEMANN, R. P.; BOSSIS, I. Energy intake regulates ovarian function in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 77, p. 1-10, 2000. Supplement E. DOI: 10.2527/jas2000.77E-Suppl1c
WILLIAMS, G. L. Suckling as a regulator of postpartum rebreeding in cattle: a review. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 68, n. 3, p. 831-852, 1990. DOI: 10.2527/1990.683831x
YAVAS, Y.; WALTON, J. S. Postpartum acyclicity in suckled beef cows: a review. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 54, n. 1, p. 25-55, 2000. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00323-X
BARUSELLI, P. S.; REIS, E. L.; MARQUES, M. O.; NASSER, L. F.; BO, G. A. The use of hormonal treatments to improve reproductive performance of anestrous beef cattle in tropical climates. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 82-83, p. 479-486, 2004. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.04.025
BHATIA, B.; PRICE, C. A.Insulin alters the effects of follicle stimulating hormone on aromatase in bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Steroids, v. 66, n. 6, p. 511-519, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0039-128X(00)00218-X
BATTOCCHIO, M.; GABAI, G.; MOLLO, A.; VERONESI, M.; SOLDANO, F.; BONO, G.; CAIROLI, F. Agreement between ultrasonographic classification of the CL and plasma progesterone concentration in dairy cows. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 51, n. 6, p. 1059-1069, 1999. DOI: 10.1016/S0093691X(99)80011-9
BORGES, Á. M.; TORRES, C. A. A.; RUAS, J. R. M.; RIBEIRO, V. R. J.; CAR0VALHO, G. R. D. Desenvolvimento luteal e concentrações plasmáticas de progesterona em vacas das raças Gir e Nelore. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, MG, v. 32, n. 2, p. 276-283, 2003. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982003000200005
BRIDGES, G. A.; AHOLA, J. K.; BRAUNER, C.; CRUPPE, L. H.; CURRIN, J. C.; DAY, M. L.; GUNN, P. J.; JAEGER, J. R.; LAKE, S. L.; LAMB, G. C.; MARQUEZINI, G. H.; PEEL, R. K.; RADUNZ, A. E.; STEVENSON, J. S.; WHITTIER, W. D. Determination of the appropriate delivery of prostaglandin F2alpha in the five-day CO-Synch + controlled intravaginal drug release protocol in suckled beef cows. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 90, n. 13, p. 4814-4822, 2012. DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4880
BUTLER, S. T.; PELTON, S. H.; BUTLER, W. R. Insulin increases 17 beta-estradiol production by the dominant follicle of the first postpartum follicle wave in dairy cows. Reproduction, Cambridge, v. 127, n. 5, p. 537-545, 2004. DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00079
COLAZO, M. G.; AMBROSE, D. J. Effect of initial GnRH and duration of progesterone insert treatment on the fertility of lactating dairy cows. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Berlin, v. 50, n. 3, p. 497-504, 2015. DOI: 10.1111/rda.12518
DICOSTANZO, A.; WILLIAMS, J. E.; KEISLER, D. H. Effects of short- or long-term infusions of acetate or propionate on luteinizing hormone, insulin, and metabolite concentrations in beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 77, n. 11, p. 3050-3056, 1999. DOI: 10.2527/1999.77113050x
DONATO, J. The central nervous system as a promising target to treat diabetes mellitus. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, Doylestown, v. 12, n. 19, p. 2070-2081, 2012. DOI: 10.2174/1568026611212190005
GINTHER, O. J. Variations in follicle-diameter deviation and a growth spurt in the dominant follicle at deviation in Bos taurus heifers. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 188, p. 155-164, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.11.020
GONG, J. G.; LEE, W. J.; GARNSWORTHY, P. C.; WEBB, R. Effect of dietary-induced increases in circulating insulin concentrations during the early postpartum period on reproductive function in dairy cows. Reproduction, Bristol, v. 123, n. 3, p. 419-427, 2002. DOI: 10.1530/rep.0.1230419
GRIMARD, B.; HUMBLOT, P.; PONTER, A. A.; MIALOT, J. P.; SAUVANT, D.; THIBIER, M. Influence of postpartum energy restriction on energy status, plasma LH and oestradiol secretion and follicular development in suckled beef cows. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Cambridge, v. 104, n. 1, p. 173-179, 1995. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.1040173
HESS, B. W.; LAKE, S. L.; SCHOLLJEGERDES, E. J.; WESTON, T. R.; NAYIGIHUGU, V.; MOLLE, J. D. C.; MOSS, G. Nutritional controls of beef cow reproduction. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 83, n. 13, p. 90-106, 2005. DOI: 10.2527/2005.8313_supplE90x
HINTZE, J. PASS 2005. NCSS, LLC. Kaysville, Utah, 2005. USA. www.ncss.com.
ITOH, T.; KACCHI, M.; ABE, H.; YUTAKA, S.; HIROYOSHI, H. Growth, antrum formation, and estradiol production of bovine preantral follicles cultured in a serum-free medium. Biology of Reproduction, Oxford, v. 67, n. 4, p. 1099-1105, 2002. DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod67.4.1099
LAMB, G. C.; STEVENSON, J. S.; KESLER, D. J.; GARVERICK, H. A.; BROWN, D. R.; SALFEN, B. E. Inclusion of an intravaginal progesterone insert plus GnRH and prostaglandin F2alpha for ovulation control in postpartum suckled beef cows. Journal Animal Science, Oxford, v. 79, n. 9, p. 2253-2259, 2001. DOI: 10.2527/2001.7992253x
LEAL, L. D. S.; OBA, E.; FERNANDES, C. A. D. C.; SÁ FILHO, O. G. Avaliação do corpo lúteo, contratilidade uterina e concentrações plasmáticas de progesterona e estradiol em receptoras de embriões bovinos. Ciência Animal Brasileira, Goiâna, v. 10, n. 1, p. 174-183, 2009. DOI: 10.5216/cab.v10i1.448
LEON, H. V.; HERNANDEZ-CERON, J.; KEISLERT, D. H.; GUTIERREZ, C. G. Plasma concentrations of leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I, and insulin in relation to changes in body condition score in heifers. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 82, n. 2, p. 445-451, 2004. DOI: 10.2527/2004.822445x
LUCY, M. C. Mechanisms linking nutrition and reproduction in postpartum cows. Reproduction Supplement, Cambridge, v. 61, p. 415-427, 2003. DOI: 10.1530/biosciprocs.5.031
LUSSIER, J. G.; MATTON, P.; DUFOUR, J. J. Growth rates of follicles in the ovary of the cow. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Cambridge, v. 81, n. 2, p. 301-307, 1987. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.0810301
MORAES, J. C. F.; JAUME, C. M.; SOUZA, C. J. H. D. Body condition score to predict the postpartum fertility of crossbred beef cows. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, v. 42, n. 5, p. 741-746, 2007. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2007000500018
PERRY, G. A.; SMITH, M. F.; LUCY, M. C.; GREEN, J. A.; PARKS, T. E.; MACNEIL, M. D.; ROBERTS, A. J.; GEARY, T. W. Relationship between follicle size at insemination and pregnancy success. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, v. 102, n. 14, p. 5268-5273, 2005. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0501700102
PESSOA, G. A.; MARTINI, A. P.; CARLOTO, G. W.; RODRIGUES, M. C. C.; CLARO JUNIOR, I.; BARUSELLI, P. S.; BRAUNER, C. C.; RUBIN, M. I. B.; CORREA, M. N.; LEIVAS, F. G.; SA FILHO, M. F. Different doses of equine chorionic gonadotropin on ovarian follicular growth and pregnancy rate of suckled Bos taurus beef cows subjected to timed artificial insemination protocol. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 85, n. 5, p. 792-799, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.057
PFEIFER, L. F.; MAPLETOFT, R. J.; KASTELIC, J. P.; SMALL, J. A.; ADAMS, G. P.; DIONELLO, N. J.; SINGH, J. Effects of low versus physiologic plasma progesterone concentrations on ovarian follicular development and fertility in beef cattle. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 72, n. 9, p. 1237-1250, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.07.019
PORETSKY, L.; CATALDO, N. A.; ROSENWAKS, Z.; GIUDICE, L. C. The insulin-related ovarian regulatory system in health and disease. Endocrine Reviews, Washington, v. 20, n. 4, p. 532-582, 1999. DOI: 10.1210/edrv.20.4.0374
RHODES, F. M.; FITZPATRICK, L. A.; ENTWISTLE, K. W.; DE'ATH, G. Sequential changes in ovarian follicular dynamics in Bos indicus heifers before and after nutritional anoestrus. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Cambridge, v. 104, n. 1, p. 41-49, 1995. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.1040041
ROSTAMI, B.; NIASARI-NASLAJI, A.; VOJGANI, M.; NIKJOU, D.; AMANLOU, H.; GERAMI, A. Effect of eCG on early resumption of ovarian activity in postpartum dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 128, n. 1-4, p. 100-106, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.09.006
SCHNEIDER, A.; PFEIFER, L. F. M.; SCHMITT, E.; BIANCHI, I.; VIEIRA, M. B.; XAVIER, E. G.; DEL PINO, F. A. B.; CORRÊA, M. N.The use of insulin to improve fertility of timed-inseminated postpartum suckled beef cows. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasilia, v. 45, n. 10, p. 1219-1221, 2010. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2010001000023
SHORT, R. E.; BELLOWS, R. A.; STAIGMILLER, R. B.; BERARDINELLI, J. G.; CUSTER, E. E. Physiological mechanisms controlling anestrus and infertility in postpartum beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 68, n. 3, p. 799-816, 1990. DOI: 10.2527/1990.683799x
SIMPSON, R. B.; CHASE JUNIOR, C. C.; SPICER, L. J.; VERNON, R. K.; HAMMOND, A. C.; RAE, D. O. Effect of exogenous insulin on plasma and follicular insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein activity, follicular oestradiol and progesterone, and follicular growth in superovulated Angus and Brahman cows. Journal Reproduction Fertility, Cambridge, v. 102, n. 2, p. 483-492, 1994. DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.1020483
SPICER, L. J.; ALPIZAR, E.; ECHTERNKAMP, S. E. Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropinson bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production,estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growthfactor I production in vitro. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 71, n. 5, p. 1232-1241, 1993. DOI: 10.2527/1993.7151232x
SUGUNA, K.; MEHROTRA, S.; AGARWAL, S. K.; HOQUEB, M.; SHANKER, U.; SINGH, S. K.; VARSHNEY, V. P. Effect of exogenous insulin administration on ovarian function, embryo/fetal development during pregnancy in goat. Animal Reproduction Science, Amsterdam, v. 111, n. 2-4, p. 202-213, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.03.021
VASCONCELOS, J. L.; SARTORI, R.; OLIVEIRA, H. N.; GUENTHER, J. G.; WILTBANK, M. C. Reduction in size of the ovulatory follicle reduces subsequent luteal size and pregnancy rate. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 56, n. 2, p. 307-314, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00565-9
WEBB, R.; GARNSWORTHY, P. C.; GONG, J. G.; ARMSTRONG, D. G. Control of follicular growth: local interactions and nutritional influences. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 82, p. E63-74, 2004. Special Supplement. DOI: 10.2527/2004.8213_supplE63x
WETTEMANN, R. P.; BOSSIS, I. Energy intake regulates ovarian function in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 77, p. 1-10, 2000. Supplement E. DOI: 10.2527/jas2000.77E-Suppl1c
WILLIAMS, G. L. Suckling as a regulator of postpartum rebreeding in cattle: a review. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 68, n. 3, p. 831-852, 1990. DOI: 10.2527/1990.683831x
YAVAS, Y.; WALTON, J. S. Postpartum acyclicity in suckled beef cows: a review. Theriogenology, Philadelphia, v. 54, n. 1, p. 25-55, 2000. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00323-X
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2019-08-07
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Maffi, A. S., Rodrigues, M. da C. C., Farias, L. B., Santos, J. T. dos, Luz, G. B., Souza, L. J. de, Benites, A., Martin, C. E. G., Corrêa, M. N., & Brauner, C. C. (2019). Evaluation of follicular growth and progesterone production in Bos taurus cows strategically treated with insulin. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40(5Supl1), 2287–2298. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5Supl1p2287
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