Bromatology and fumonisin and aflatoxin contamination in aquaculture feed of the region of Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil

Abstract

With intention to supply the demand and progress of aquaculture, the industrial sector invested in the production of feed, whose formulation depends on grains susceptible for mycotoxigenic fungi. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition (nutricional quality) associated with the risk of mycotoxin contamination (aflatoxin and fumonisin) in 42 feed samples, belonging to five commercial industries, and used in fishing activity of the Region of Londrina-PR. The analysis of chemical composition indicated adequate nutritional quality of feeds, without significant difference concerning bromatological composition between extruded and pellet feeds (p>0.05). The aflatoxin levels ranged from non-detectable to 15.60 ng/g, where 61.90% showed < 4ng/g levels, which are in accordance with the Brazilian guideline (20 ng/g). Related to fumonisin (n.d. to 11,22¼g/g), 76.20% samples were into the levels < 4¼g/g. There was no significant difference between pellet and extruded feeds concerning mycotoxin contamination (p>0,05), but the aflatoxin/fumonisin co-occurrence in 23.8% feed samples suggested risk of toxic synergism, emphasizing the importance of mycotoxin monitoring in fish feeding quality. Taking into account the continuous renewal of feed in the fishing ones, there is low possibility of aflatoxin/fumonisin production due the storage, therefore the critical point should be targeted on crude material at field to pre-processing stage, independently of mark or nutritional differences.