Desoxinivalenol durante período pré-puberal induz apoptose em ovários de ratas imaturas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n5p1621Palavras-chave:
Apoptose, Desoxinivalenol, Integridade folicular, Ovário, Ratos.Resumo
A puberdade é um processo regulado pelo sistema endócrino em que as diversas alterações fisiológicas e biológicas são responsáveis pelo início das funções reprodutivas em animais e humanos. DON pode interferir no sistema hormonal induzindo desordens endócrinas e danos reprodutivos. Entretanto, o potencial de DON em causar danos reprodutivos no período da puberdade tem sido negligenciado. Considerando que crianças e adolescentes têm um alto risco de exposição à DON, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito desta micotoxina durante a puberdade sobre a integridade folicular e a expressão de proteínas pró-apoptóticas (BAX e Caspase-3) e anti-apoptóticas (BCL-2) em ovários de ratos jovens. Dez ratos Wistar pré-púberes (28 dias de idade) foram utilizados. Os animais foram expostos por 28 dias às seguintes dietas: 1) controle: dieta livre de micotoxinas e 2) DON: dieta contendo 10 mg DON/Kg de alimento. Ao final, os ovários e úteros foram pesados e os ovários submetidos à análise morfométrica e imuno-histoquímica. A ingestão da dieta contaminada induziu a uma redução significativa no peso dos ovários e úteros, no entanto não houve diferença no número de folículos ovarianos em todos os estágios de desenvolvimento folicular. Um aumento significativo da expressão de BAX e Caspase-3 e uma diminuição da expressão de BCL-2 foram observados na maioria dos estágios foliculares e do corpo lúteo nos animais alimentados com DON. Em conclusão, a exposição ao DON durante o período pré-púbere induz apoptose em diferentes populações de células ovarianas e pode interferir no desenvolvimento reprodutivo de animais adultos.
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