Soil tillage, rice straw and flooded irrigated rice yield

Abstract

The objective of this study was evaluate the effect of management systems and straw in flooded irrigated rice yield. The experimental design was a completely randomized with three experiments and, 10 replications in experiment 1 and 2 and, 6 replications in experiment 3. The experiments were: E1 - no-till system (E1PD) and conventional system with two harrowings at 0.0-0.07 m layer and leveling with remaplam (E1PC), after three years of sowing rice, after fallow of rice tillage, with sowing of rye grass in winter and grazing; E2 - no-till system (E2PD) and conventional system after native field (E2PC); E3 - no-till without straw on soil surface (E30P), current straw on soil surface of 3,726 kg ha-1 (E31P), two times current straw of 7,452 kg ha-1 (E32P) and three times current straw of 11,178 kg ha-1 (E33P). In soil, were evaluated the average geometric diameter of aggregates, soil bulk density, soil porosity, macro and microporosity, in 0.0-0.05 and 0.05-0.10 m layer. In harvest were evaluated the panicles number in 0,25 m2 area, number of filled, empty an total grains in 10 panicles, mass of one thousand seeds and rice grains yield in 2 m2. The conventional system presented greater macroporosity and total porosity, compared with no-till system, however, does not result in differences in production components and rice grains yield. Soil tillage in no-till, with rice straw on soil surface up to 11,178 kg ha-1, before sowing, not reduces flooded irrigated rice grains yield.