Respostas de estresse e coping em adolescentes com excesso de peso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/2236-6407.2021v12n1p76Palavras-chave:
obesidade, adaptação psicológica, psicologia do desenvolvimentoResumo
A obesidade é uma doença crônica de origem multicausal e demanda tratamento multidisciplinar. Ter uma doença crônica pode acarretar diversos estressores, especialmente em adolescentes, e o uso de estratégias de coping pode contribuir para o manejo da adversidade. O estudo investigou o coping em adolescentes com excesso de peso. Para tanto, foram entrevistados 14 adolescentes com idades entre 11 e 17 anos (M = 14,77), que compuseram a amostra. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Questionário sociodemográfico e Questionário de Resposta ao Estresse – excesso de peso (RSQ) e os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. A presença do excesso de peso desde a infância indica maior respostas ao estresse. O uso de estratégias de coping adaptativas foi identificado, contribuindo para melhor ajuste dos adolescentes frente ao excesso de peso. A pesquisa permitiu a ampliação do conhecimento sobre mecanismos do coping relacionados ao excesso de peso em adolescentes.
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Referências
American Psychological Association, Clinical Practice Guideline Panel. (2018). Clinical practice guideline for multicomponent behavioral treatment of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents: Current state of the evidence and research needs. Recuperado de http://www.apa.org/obesity-guideline/obesity.pdf.
Aparicio, E., Canals, J., Arija, V., De Henauw, S., & Michels, N. (2016). The role of emotion regulation in childhood obesity: Implications for prevention and treatment. Nutrition Research Reviews, 29(1), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422415000153.
Bellodi, A. C. (2018). Obesidade em crianças e adolescentes: temperamento, estresse, coping e risco psicossocial familiar. (Tese de Doutorado, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas). Recuperado de http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1054.
Bloch, K. V., Klein, C. H., Szklo, M., Kuschnir, M. C. C., Abreu, G. de A., Barufaldi, L. A., Veiga, G. V., Schaan, B., Da Silva, T. L. N., Moraes, A. J. P., Borges, A. L., Oliveira, A. M. A., Tavares, B. M., Oliveira, C. L., Cunha, C. F., Giannini, D. T., Belfort, D. R., Santos, E. L., Leon, E. B., ... Goldberg, T. B. L. (2016). ERICA: prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros. Revista de Saúde Pública, 50(supl 1), 1s-12s. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S01518-8787.2016050006685.
Compas, B., Connor, J., Osowiecki, D., & Welch, A. (1997). Effortful and Involuntary Responses to Stress: Implications for Coping with Chronic Stress. In B. H. Gottlieb (Ed.), Coping with Chronic Stress (pp. 105–132). New York: Springer.
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J. K., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. (2001). Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, progress, and potential in theory and research. Psychological Bulletin, 127(1), 87–127. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunbar, J. P., Watson, K. H., Bettis, A. H., Gruhn, M. A., & Williams, E. K. (2013). Coping and emotion regulation from childhood to early adulthood: Points of convergence and divergence. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(2), 71–81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12043.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunn, M. J., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2012). Coping with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8, 455–480. doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143108.
Connor-Smith, J. K., Compas, B. E., Wadsworth, M. E., Thomsen, A. H., & Saltzman, H. (2000). Responses to stress in adolescence: Measurement of coping and involuntary stress responses. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(6), 976–992. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.68.6.976
Cunha, K. da S. (2017). Relações entre risco psicossocial familiar, coping do tratamento da obesidade infantil e controle parental da alimentação. (Dissertação de mestrado, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas). Recuperado de http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/935.
Dahl, R. E., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Self-Regulation and the Development of Behavioral and Emotional Problems: Toward an Integrative Conceptual and Translational Research Agenda. In S. L. Olson & A. J. Sameroff (Eds.), Biopsychosocial Regulatory Processes in the Development of Childhood Behavioral Problems (pp. 290–318). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Dietz, W. (1998). Health consequences of obesity in youth: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics, 101, 518–525. doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.101.3.S1.518.
Dixey, R., Sahota, P., Atwal, S., & Turner, A. (2001). “Ha ha, you’re fat, we’re strong”; a qualitative study of boys’ and girls’ perceptions of fatness, thinness, social pressures and health using focus groups. Health Education, 101(5), 206–216. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005644.
Grant, K. E., Compas, B. E., Stuhlmacher, A. F., Thurm, A. E., McMahon, S. D., & Halpert, J. A. (2003). Stressors and Child and Adolescent Psychopathology: Moving From Markers to Mechanisms of Risk. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 447–466. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.447.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [IBGE]. (2016). Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. doi: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv97870.pdf.
Miller, A. L., Dawson, L., & Welker, E. (2017). Stress in early life and childhood obesity risk. Healthy Eating Research, (June). Recuperado de https://healthyeatingresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/her_stress_obesity_5-30.pdf
Oliveira, T. R. P. R. de, Cunha, C. de F., Ferreira, R. A., & Marques, C. G. R. (2016). Como adolescentes percebem a obesidade e seu tratamento : uma abordagem através de grupos focais. Adolescência & Saúde, 13, 55–63. Recuperado de: http://adolescenciaesaude.com/detalhe_artigo.asp?id=569
Puhl, R. M., & Luedicke, J. (2012). Weight-Based Victimization Among Adolescents in the School Setting: Emotional Reactions and Coping Behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-011-9713-z.
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria [SBP]. (2016). Saúde da criança e do adolescente na era digital. Recuperado de http://www.sbp.com.br/src/uploads/2016/11/19166d-MOrient-Saude-Crian-e-Adolesc.pdf
Robinson, T. N., Banda, J. A., Hale, L., Lu, A. S., Fleming-Milici, F., Calvert, S. L., & Wartella, E. (2017). Screen Media Exposure and Obesity in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics, 140(Supplement 2), S97–S101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1758k.
Scott, K. A., Melhorn, S. J., & Sakai, R. R. (2012). Effects of Chronic Social Stress on Obesity. Current Obesity Reports, 1(1), 16–25. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-011-0006-3.
Spruijt-Metz, D. (2011). Etiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: A Decade in Review. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), 129–152. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00719.x.
Strasburger, V. C., Mulligan, D. A., Altmann, T. R., Brown, A., Christakis, D. A., Clarke-Pearson, K., … Noland, V. L. (2011). Policy statement - Children, adolescents, obesity, and the media. Pediatrics, 128(1), 201-208. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1970.
Sundar, T. K. B., Løndal, K., Lagerløv, P., Glavin, K., & Helseth, S. (2018). Overweight adolescents’ views on physical activity – experiences of participants in an internet-based intervention: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5324-x.
Swinburn, B., & Egger, G. (2002). Preventive strategies against weight gain and obesity. Obesity Reviews, 3(4), 289–301. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-789X.2002.00082.x.
Victório, V. M. G., Andrade, A. L. M. S., Silva, A. M. B. da S., Machado, W. de L., & Enumo, S. R. F. (2019). Adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1: Estresse, Coping e Adesão ao Tratamento. Saúde e Pesquisa, 12(1), 63–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2019v12n1p63-75.
Vet, E. De, Ridder, D. De, Stok, M., Brunso, K., Baban, A., & Gaspar, T. (2014). Assessing self-regulation strategies : Development and validation of the Tempest Self-regulation Questionnaire for Eating ... Assessing self-regulation strategies : development and validation of the tempest self-regulation questionnaire for eating ( TESQ-, (November 2016), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-014-0106-z.
Whitaker, R. C., Wright, J. A., Pepe, M. S., Seidel, K. D., & Dietz, W. H. (1997). Predicting Obesity in Young Adulthood From Childhood. The New England Journal of Medicine, 337(13), 869–873. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199709253371301.
World Health Organization [WHO]. (2004). Global strategy on diet, physical activity, and health. Recuperado de http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy_english_web.pdf.
World Health Organization. (2016). Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. Recuperado de https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259349/WHO-NMH-PND-ECHO-17.1-eng.pdf?sequence=1.
World Health Organization. (2020). Overweight and obesity. Fact Sheets. Recuperado de: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight.
Aparicio, E., Canals, J., Arija, V., De Henauw, S., & Michels, N. (2016). The role of emotion regulation in childhood obesity: Implications for prevention and treatment. Nutrition Research Reviews, 29(1), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422415000153.
Bellodi, A. C. (2018). Obesidade em crianças e adolescentes: temperamento, estresse, coping e risco psicossocial familiar. (Tese de Doutorado, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas). Recuperado de http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1054.
Bloch, K. V., Klein, C. H., Szklo, M., Kuschnir, M. C. C., Abreu, G. de A., Barufaldi, L. A., Veiga, G. V., Schaan, B., Da Silva, T. L. N., Moraes, A. J. P., Borges, A. L., Oliveira, A. M. A., Tavares, B. M., Oliveira, C. L., Cunha, C. F., Giannini, D. T., Belfort, D. R., Santos, E. L., Leon, E. B., ... Goldberg, T. B. L. (2016). ERICA: prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros. Revista de Saúde Pública, 50(supl 1), 1s-12s. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S01518-8787.2016050006685.
Compas, B., Connor, J., Osowiecki, D., & Welch, A. (1997). Effortful and Involuntary Responses to Stress: Implications for Coping with Chronic Stress. In B. H. Gottlieb (Ed.), Coping with Chronic Stress (pp. 105–132). New York: Springer.
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J. K., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. (2001). Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, progress, and potential in theory and research. Psychological Bulletin, 127(1), 87–127. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunbar, J. P., Watson, K. H., Bettis, A. H., Gruhn, M. A., & Williams, E. K. (2013). Coping and emotion regulation from childhood to early adulthood: Points of convergence and divergence. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(2), 71–81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12043.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunn, M. J., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2012). Coping with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8, 455–480. doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143108.
Connor-Smith, J. K., Compas, B. E., Wadsworth, M. E., Thomsen, A. H., & Saltzman, H. (2000). Responses to stress in adolescence: Measurement of coping and involuntary stress responses. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(6), 976–992. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.68.6.976
Cunha, K. da S. (2017). Relações entre risco psicossocial familiar, coping do tratamento da obesidade infantil e controle parental da alimentação. (Dissertação de mestrado, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas). Recuperado de http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/935.
Dahl, R. E., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Self-Regulation and the Development of Behavioral and Emotional Problems: Toward an Integrative Conceptual and Translational Research Agenda. In S. L. Olson & A. J. Sameroff (Eds.), Biopsychosocial Regulatory Processes in the Development of Childhood Behavioral Problems (pp. 290–318). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Dietz, W. (1998). Health consequences of obesity in youth: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics, 101, 518–525. doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.101.3.S1.518.
Dixey, R., Sahota, P., Atwal, S., & Turner, A. (2001). “Ha ha, you’re fat, we’re strong”; a qualitative study of boys’ and girls’ perceptions of fatness, thinness, social pressures and health using focus groups. Health Education, 101(5), 206–216. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005644.
Grant, K. E., Compas, B. E., Stuhlmacher, A. F., Thurm, A. E., McMahon, S. D., & Halpert, J. A. (2003). Stressors and Child and Adolescent Psychopathology: Moving From Markers to Mechanisms of Risk. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 447–466. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.447.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [IBGE]. (2016). Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. doi: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv97870.pdf.
Miller, A. L., Dawson, L., & Welker, E. (2017). Stress in early life and childhood obesity risk. Healthy Eating Research, (June). Recuperado de https://healthyeatingresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/her_stress_obesity_5-30.pdf
Oliveira, T. R. P. R. de, Cunha, C. de F., Ferreira, R. A., & Marques, C. G. R. (2016). Como adolescentes percebem a obesidade e seu tratamento : uma abordagem através de grupos focais. Adolescência & Saúde, 13, 55–63. Recuperado de: http://adolescenciaesaude.com/detalhe_artigo.asp?id=569
Puhl, R. M., & Luedicke, J. (2012). Weight-Based Victimization Among Adolescents in the School Setting: Emotional Reactions and Coping Behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-011-9713-z.
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria [SBP]. (2016). Saúde da criança e do adolescente na era digital. Recuperado de http://www.sbp.com.br/src/uploads/2016/11/19166d-MOrient-Saude-Crian-e-Adolesc.pdf
Robinson, T. N., Banda, J. A., Hale, L., Lu, A. S., Fleming-Milici, F., Calvert, S. L., & Wartella, E. (2017). Screen Media Exposure and Obesity in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics, 140(Supplement 2), S97–S101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1758k.
Scott, K. A., Melhorn, S. J., & Sakai, R. R. (2012). Effects of Chronic Social Stress on Obesity. Current Obesity Reports, 1(1), 16–25. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-011-0006-3.
Spruijt-Metz, D. (2011). Etiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: A Decade in Review. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), 129–152. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00719.x.
Strasburger, V. C., Mulligan, D. A., Altmann, T. R., Brown, A., Christakis, D. A., Clarke-Pearson, K., … Noland, V. L. (2011). Policy statement - Children, adolescents, obesity, and the media. Pediatrics, 128(1), 201-208. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1970.
Sundar, T. K. B., Løndal, K., Lagerløv, P., Glavin, K., & Helseth, S. (2018). Overweight adolescents’ views on physical activity – experiences of participants in an internet-based intervention: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5324-x.
Swinburn, B., & Egger, G. (2002). Preventive strategies against weight gain and obesity. Obesity Reviews, 3(4), 289–301. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-789X.2002.00082.x.
Victório, V. M. G., Andrade, A. L. M. S., Silva, A. M. B. da S., Machado, W. de L., & Enumo, S. R. F. (2019). Adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1: Estresse, Coping e Adesão ao Tratamento. Saúde e Pesquisa, 12(1), 63–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2019v12n1p63-75.
Vet, E. De, Ridder, D. De, Stok, M., Brunso, K., Baban, A., & Gaspar, T. (2014). Assessing self-regulation strategies : Development and validation of the Tempest Self-regulation Questionnaire for Eating ... Assessing self-regulation strategies : development and validation of the tempest self-regulation questionnaire for eating ( TESQ-, (November 2016), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-014-0106-z.
Whitaker, R. C., Wright, J. A., Pepe, M. S., Seidel, K. D., & Dietz, W. H. (1997). Predicting Obesity in Young Adulthood From Childhood. The New England Journal of Medicine, 337(13), 869–873. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199709253371301.
World Health Organization [WHO]. (2004). Global strategy on diet, physical activity, and health. Recuperado de http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy_english_web.pdf.
World Health Organization. (2016). Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. Recuperado de https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259349/WHO-NMH-PND-ECHO-17.1-eng.pdf?sequence=1.
World Health Organization. (2020). Overweight and obesity. Fact Sheets. Recuperado de: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight.
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2021-06-24
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Volpato, M. L. T., & Motta, A. B. (2021). Respostas de estresse e coping em adolescentes com excesso de peso. Estudos Interdisciplinares Em Psicologia, 12(1), 76–94. https://doi.org/10.5433/2236-6407.2021v12n1p76
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