Stress and coping responses in overweight teens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/2236-6407.2021v12n1p76Keywords:
obesity, psychological adaptation, developmental psychologyAbstract
Obesity is a chronic disease of multicausal origin and demands multidisciplinary treatment. Having a chronic disease can lead to several stressors, especially in adolescence, and the use of coping strategies can contribute to the management of adversity. The study investigated coping in adolescents with excess weight. 14 adolescents aged 11 to 17 years (M = 14.77) composed the sample. The instruments used were: Sociodemographic Questionnaire and Stress Response Questionnaire - overweight (RSQ) and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The presence of overweight since childhood indicates greater responses to stress. The use of adaptive coping strategies was identified, contributing to a better fit of adolescents in relation to overweight. The research allowed the expansion of knowledge about coping mechanisms related to overweight in adolescents.
References
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Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J. K., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. (2001). Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, progress, and potential in theory and research. Psychological Bulletin, 127(1), 87–127. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunbar, J. P., Watson, K. H., Bettis, A. H., Gruhn, M. A., & Williams, E. K. (2013). Coping and emotion regulation from childhood to early adulthood: Points of convergence and divergence. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(2), 71–81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12043.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunn, M. J., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2012). Coping with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8, 455–480. doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143108.
Connor-Smith, J. K., Compas, B. E., Wadsworth, M. E., Thomsen, A. H., & Saltzman, H. (2000). Responses to stress in adolescence: Measurement of coping and involuntary stress responses. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(6), 976–992. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.68.6.976
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Dahl, R. E., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Self-Regulation and the Development of Behavioral and Emotional Problems: Toward an Integrative Conceptual and Translational Research Agenda. In S. L. Olson & A. J. Sameroff (Eds.), Biopsychosocial Regulatory Processes in the Development of Childhood Behavioral Problems (pp. 290–318). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Dietz, W. (1998). Health consequences of obesity in youth: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics, 101, 518–525. doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.101.3.S1.518.
Dixey, R., Sahota, P., Atwal, S., & Turner, A. (2001). “Ha ha, you’re fat, we’re strong”; a qualitative study of boys’ and girls’ perceptions of fatness, thinness, social pressures and health using focus groups. Health Education, 101(5), 206–216. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005644.
Grant, K. E., Compas, B. E., Stuhlmacher, A. F., Thurm, A. E., McMahon, S. D., & Halpert, J. A. (2003). Stressors and Child and Adolescent Psychopathology: Moving From Markers to Mechanisms of Risk. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 447–466. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.447.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [IBGE]. (2016). Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. doi: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv97870.pdf.
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Oliveira, T. R. P. R. de, Cunha, C. de F., Ferreira, R. A., & Marques, C. G. R. (2016). Como adolescentes percebem a obesidade e seu tratamento : uma abordagem através de grupos focais. Adolescência & Saúde, 13, 55–63. Recuperado de: http://adolescenciaesaude.com/detalhe_artigo.asp?id=569
Puhl, R. M., & Luedicke, J. (2012). Weight-Based Victimization Among Adolescents in the School Setting: Emotional Reactions and Coping Behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-011-9713-z.
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria [SBP]. (2016). Saúde da criança e do adolescente na era digital. Recuperado de http://www.sbp.com.br/src/uploads/2016/11/19166d-MOrient-Saude-Crian-e-Adolesc.pdf
Robinson, T. N., Banda, J. A., Hale, L., Lu, A. S., Fleming-Milici, F., Calvert, S. L., & Wartella, E. (2017). Screen Media Exposure and Obesity in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics, 140(Supplement 2), S97–S101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1758k.
Scott, K. A., Melhorn, S. J., & Sakai, R. R. (2012). Effects of Chronic Social Stress on Obesity. Current Obesity Reports, 1(1), 16–25. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-011-0006-3.
Spruijt-Metz, D. (2011). Etiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: A Decade in Review. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), 129–152. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00719.x.
Strasburger, V. C., Mulligan, D. A., Altmann, T. R., Brown, A., Christakis, D. A., Clarke-Pearson, K., … Noland, V. L. (2011). Policy statement - Children, adolescents, obesity, and the media. Pediatrics, 128(1), 201-208. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1970.
Sundar, T. K. B., Løndal, K., Lagerløv, P., Glavin, K., & Helseth, S. (2018). Overweight adolescents’ views on physical activity – experiences of participants in an internet-based intervention: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5324-x.
Swinburn, B., & Egger, G. (2002). Preventive strategies against weight gain and obesity. Obesity Reviews, 3(4), 289–301. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-789X.2002.00082.x.
Victório, V. M. G., Andrade, A. L. M. S., Silva, A. M. B. da S., Machado, W. de L., & Enumo, S. R. F. (2019). Adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1: Estresse, Coping e Adesão ao Tratamento. Saúde e Pesquisa, 12(1), 63–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2019v12n1p63-75.
Vet, E. De, Ridder, D. De, Stok, M., Brunso, K., Baban, A., & Gaspar, T. (2014). Assessing self-regulation strategies : Development and validation of the Tempest Self-regulation Questionnaire for Eating ... Assessing self-regulation strategies : development and validation of the tempest self-regulation questionnaire for eating ( TESQ-, (November 2016), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-014-0106-z.
Whitaker, R. C., Wright, J. A., Pepe, M. S., Seidel, K. D., & Dietz, W. H. (1997). Predicting Obesity in Young Adulthood From Childhood. The New England Journal of Medicine, 337(13), 869–873. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199709253371301.
World Health Organization [WHO]. (2004). Global strategy on diet, physical activity, and health. Recuperado de http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy_english_web.pdf.
World Health Organization. (2016). Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. Recuperado de https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259349/WHO-NMH-PND-ECHO-17.1-eng.pdf?sequence=1.
World Health Organization. (2020). Overweight and obesity. Fact Sheets. Recuperado de: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight.
Aparicio, E., Canals, J., Arija, V., De Henauw, S., & Michels, N. (2016). The role of emotion regulation in childhood obesity: Implications for prevention and treatment. Nutrition Research Reviews, 29(1), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422415000153.
Bellodi, A. C. (2018). Obesidade em crianças e adolescentes: temperamento, estresse, coping e risco psicossocial familiar. (Tese de Doutorado, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas). Recuperado de http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1054.
Bloch, K. V., Klein, C. H., Szklo, M., Kuschnir, M. C. C., Abreu, G. de A., Barufaldi, L. A., Veiga, G. V., Schaan, B., Da Silva, T. L. N., Moraes, A. J. P., Borges, A. L., Oliveira, A. M. A., Tavares, B. M., Oliveira, C. L., Cunha, C. F., Giannini, D. T., Belfort, D. R., Santos, E. L., Leon, E. B., ... Goldberg, T. B. L. (2016). ERICA: prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros. Revista de Saúde Pública, 50(supl 1), 1s-12s. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S01518-8787.2016050006685.
Compas, B., Connor, J., Osowiecki, D., & Welch, A. (1997). Effortful and Involuntary Responses to Stress: Implications for Coping with Chronic Stress. In B. H. Gottlieb (Ed.), Coping with Chronic Stress (pp. 105–132). New York: Springer.
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J. K., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. (2001). Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, progress, and potential in theory and research. Psychological Bulletin, 127(1), 87–127. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunbar, J. P., Watson, K. H., Bettis, A. H., Gruhn, M. A., & Williams, E. K. (2013). Coping and emotion regulation from childhood to early adulthood: Points of convergence and divergence. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(2), 71–81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12043.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunn, M. J., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2012). Coping with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8, 455–480. doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143108.
Connor-Smith, J. K., Compas, B. E., Wadsworth, M. E., Thomsen, A. H., & Saltzman, H. (2000). Responses to stress in adolescence: Measurement of coping and involuntary stress responses. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(6), 976–992. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.68.6.976
Cunha, K. da S. (2017). Relações entre risco psicossocial familiar, coping do tratamento da obesidade infantil e controle parental da alimentação. (Dissertação de mestrado, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas). Recuperado de http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/935.
Dahl, R. E., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Self-Regulation and the Development of Behavioral and Emotional Problems: Toward an Integrative Conceptual and Translational Research Agenda. In S. L. Olson & A. J. Sameroff (Eds.), Biopsychosocial Regulatory Processes in the Development of Childhood Behavioral Problems (pp. 290–318). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Dietz, W. (1998). Health consequences of obesity in youth: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics, 101, 518–525. doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.101.3.S1.518.
Dixey, R., Sahota, P., Atwal, S., & Turner, A. (2001). “Ha ha, you’re fat, we’re strong”; a qualitative study of boys’ and girls’ perceptions of fatness, thinness, social pressures and health using focus groups. Health Education, 101(5), 206–216. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005644.
Grant, K. E., Compas, B. E., Stuhlmacher, A. F., Thurm, A. E., McMahon, S. D., & Halpert, J. A. (2003). Stressors and Child and Adolescent Psychopathology: Moving From Markers to Mechanisms of Risk. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 447–466. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.447.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [IBGE]. (2016). Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. doi: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv97870.pdf.
Miller, A. L., Dawson, L., & Welker, E. (2017). Stress in early life and childhood obesity risk. Healthy Eating Research, (June). Recuperado de https://healthyeatingresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/her_stress_obesity_5-30.pdf
Oliveira, T. R. P. R. de, Cunha, C. de F., Ferreira, R. A., & Marques, C. G. R. (2016). Como adolescentes percebem a obesidade e seu tratamento : uma abordagem através de grupos focais. Adolescência & Saúde, 13, 55–63. Recuperado de: http://adolescenciaesaude.com/detalhe_artigo.asp?id=569
Puhl, R. M., & Luedicke, J. (2012). Weight-Based Victimization Among Adolescents in the School Setting: Emotional Reactions and Coping Behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-011-9713-z.
Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria [SBP]. (2016). Saúde da criança e do adolescente na era digital. Recuperado de http://www.sbp.com.br/src/uploads/2016/11/19166d-MOrient-Saude-Crian-e-Adolesc.pdf
Robinson, T. N., Banda, J. A., Hale, L., Lu, A. S., Fleming-Milici, F., Calvert, S. L., & Wartella, E. (2017). Screen Media Exposure and Obesity in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics, 140(Supplement 2), S97–S101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1758k.
Scott, K. A., Melhorn, S. J., & Sakai, R. R. (2012). Effects of Chronic Social Stress on Obesity. Current Obesity Reports, 1(1), 16–25. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-011-0006-3.
Spruijt-Metz, D. (2011). Etiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: A Decade in Review. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), 129–152. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00719.x.
Strasburger, V. C., Mulligan, D. A., Altmann, T. R., Brown, A., Christakis, D. A., Clarke-Pearson, K., … Noland, V. L. (2011). Policy statement - Children, adolescents, obesity, and the media. Pediatrics, 128(1), 201-208. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1970.
Sundar, T. K. B., Løndal, K., Lagerløv, P., Glavin, K., & Helseth, S. (2018). Overweight adolescents’ views on physical activity – experiences of participants in an internet-based intervention: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5324-x.
Swinburn, B., & Egger, G. (2002). Preventive strategies against weight gain and obesity. Obesity Reviews, 3(4), 289–301. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-789X.2002.00082.x.
Victório, V. M. G., Andrade, A. L. M. S., Silva, A. M. B. da S., Machado, W. de L., & Enumo, S. R. F. (2019). Adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1: Estresse, Coping e Adesão ao Tratamento. Saúde e Pesquisa, 12(1), 63–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2019v12n1p63-75.
Vet, E. De, Ridder, D. De, Stok, M., Brunso, K., Baban, A., & Gaspar, T. (2014). Assessing self-regulation strategies : Development and validation of the Tempest Self-regulation Questionnaire for Eating ... Assessing self-regulation strategies : development and validation of the tempest self-regulation questionnaire for eating ( TESQ-, (November 2016), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-014-0106-z.
Whitaker, R. C., Wright, J. A., Pepe, M. S., Seidel, K. D., & Dietz, W. H. (1997). Predicting Obesity in Young Adulthood From Childhood. The New England Journal of Medicine, 337(13), 869–873. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199709253371301.
World Health Organization [WHO]. (2004). Global strategy on diet, physical activity, and health. Recuperado de http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy_english_web.pdf.
World Health Organization. (2016). Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. Recuperado de https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259349/WHO-NMH-PND-ECHO-17.1-eng.pdf?sequence=1.
World Health Organization. (2020). Overweight and obesity. Fact Sheets. Recuperado de: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight.
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2021-06-24
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Volpato, M. L. T., & Motta, A. B. (2021). Stress and coping responses in overweight teens. Estudos Interdisciplinares Em Psicologia, 12(1), 76–94. https://doi.org/10.5433/2236-6407.2021v12n1p76
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